Lone Iqbal M, Zohud Osayd, Midlej Kareem, Awadi Obaida, Masarwa Samir, Krohn Sebastian, Kirschneck Christian, Proff Peter, Watted Nezar, Iraqi Fuad A
Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Center for Dentistry Research and Aesthetics, Jatt 45911, Israel.
J Pers Med. 2023 Oct 6;13(10):1465. doi: 10.3390/jpm13101465.
This review examines a prevalent condition with multifaceted etiology encompassing genetic, environmental, and oral behavioral factors. It stands as a significant ailment impacting oral functionality, aesthetics, and quality of life. Longitudinal studies indicate that malocclusion in primary dentition may progress to permanent malocclusion. Recognizing and managing malocclusion in primary dentition is gaining prominence. The World Health Organization ranks malocclusions as the third most widespread oral health issue globally. Angle's classification system is widely used to categorize malocclusions, with Class I occlusion considered the norm. However, its prevalence varies across populations due to genetic and examination disparities. Genetic factors, including variants in genes like MSX1, PAX9, and AXIN2, have been associated with an increased risk of Class I occlusion. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of clinical strategies for managing Class I occlusion and consolidate genetic insights from both human and murine populations. Additionally, genomic relationships among craniofacial genes will be assessed in individuals with Class I occlusion, along with a murine model, shedding light on phenotype-genotype associations of clinical relevance. The prevalence of Class I occlusion, its impact, and treatment approaches will be discussed, emphasizing the importance of early intervention. Additionally, the role of RNA alterations in skeletal Class I occlusion will be explored, focusing on variations in expression or structure that influence craniofacial development. Mouse models will be highlighted as crucial tools for investigating mandible size and prognathism and conducting QTL analysis to gain deeper genetic insights. This review amalgamates cellular, molecular, and clinical trait data to unravel correlations between malocclusion and Class I phenotypes.
本综述探讨了一种病因多方面的常见病症，其病因包括遗传、环境和口腔行为因素。它是一种影响口腔功能、美观和生活质量的重要疾病。纵向研究表明，乳牙列错牙合可能会发展为恒牙列错牙合。认识和处理乳牙列错牙合正变得越来越重要。世界卫生组织将错牙合列为全球第三大普遍的口腔健康问题。安格尔分类系统被广泛用于对错牙合进行分类，其中I类咬合被视为正常情况。然而，由于遗传和检查差异，其患病率在不同人群中有所不同。包括MSX1、PAX9和AXIN2等基因变异在内的遗传因素与I类咬合风险增加有关。本综述旨在全面概述管理I类咬合的临床策略，并整合来自人类和鼠类群体的遗传学见解。此外，将在患有I类咬合的个体以及鼠类模型中评估颅面基因之间的基因组关系，以揭示具有临床相关性的表型-基因型关联。将讨论I类咬合的患病率、其影响和治疗方法，强调早期干预的重要性。此外，还将探讨RNA改变在骨骼I类咬合中的作用，重点关注影响颅面发育的表达或结构变化。小鼠模型将被突出作为研究下颌骨大小和下颌前突以及进行QTL分析以获得更深入遗传学见解的关键工具。本综述整合了细胞、分子和临床特征数据，以揭示错牙合与I类表型之间的相关性。
