Hendley E D, Ohlsson W G
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington 05405.
Am J Physiol. 1991 Aug;261(2 Pt 2):H583-9. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1991.261.2.H583.
Two new strains of inbred rats have been developed. One, WKHA, exhibits hyperactivity, and the other, WKHT, exhibits hypertension. Both of these traits are expressed in the SHR. By crossing spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) with Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) controls, followed by recombinant selected inbreeding, we succeeded in genetically separating the hyperactivity from the hypertension in two new strains. Longitudinal studies indicate a persistence of hypertension without hyperactivity in WKHTs, and hyperactivity without hypertension in WKHAs, over at least 1 year. Ventricular enlargement, another characteristic of SHRs, was observed in adult WKHTs after the onset of hypertension; however, ventricles were already enlarged in normotensive WKHAs at 6 wk. The emergent behavioral profile of WKHAs indicates that they retain the hyperactivity trait and hyperreactivity to stress, and not some of the other behaviors of SHRs, such as poor habituation. Studies in WKHTs suggest that they are an improvement over SHRs as a model of genetic hypertension as they lack some prominent behavioral abnormalities. Nevertheless, the four genetically related strains (WKHA, WKHT, SHR, and WKY), used together, are considered most appropriate for seeking correlations of biological differences with either hypertension or hyperactivity.
已经培育出两种新的近交系大鼠。一种是WKHA，表现出多动；另一种是WKHT，表现出高血压。这两种性状在自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）中都有表达。通过将自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）与Wistar-Kyoto（WKY）对照进行杂交，然后进行重组选择近交，我们成功地在两个新菌株中从基因上分离了多动和高血压。纵向研究表明，WKHTs至少1年以上持续存在无多动的高血压，而WKHAs则存在无高血压的多动。心室扩大是SHRs的另一个特征，在成年WKHTs高血压发作后观察到；然而，在6周龄时，血压正常的WKHAs心室已经扩大。WKHA出现的行为特征表明，它们保留了多动特征和对应激的高反应性，而不是SHRs的一些其他行为，如习惯化不良。对WKHTs的研究表明，作为遗传性高血压模型，它们比SHRs有所改进，因为它们没有一些明显的行为异常。然而，将这四个基因相关菌株（WKHA、WKHT、SHR和WKY）一起使用，被认为最适合寻找生物学差异与高血压或多动之间的相关性。
