Prime David J, McDonald John J, Green Jessica, Ward Lawrence M
Departement de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Canada.
Can J Exp Psychol. 2008 Sep;62(3):192-7. doi: 10.1037/1196-1961.62.3.192.
There is now convincing evidence that an involuntary shift of spatial attention to a stimulus in one modality can affect the processing of stimuli in other modalities, but inconsistent findings across different paradigms have led to controversy. Such inconsistencies have important implications for theories of cross-modal attention. The authors investigated why orienting attention to a visual event sometimes influences responses to subsequent sounds and why it sometimes fails to do so. They examined visual-cue-on-auditory-target effects in two paradigms--implicit spatial discrimination (ISD) and orthogonal cuing (OC)--that have yielded conflicting findings in the past. Consistent with previous research, visual cues facilitated responses to same-side auditory targets in the ISD paradigm but not in the OC paradigm. Furthermore, in the ISD paradigm, visual cues facilitated responses to auditory targets only when the targets were presented directly at the cued location, not when they appeared above or below the cued location. This pattern of results confirms recent claims that visual cues fail to influence responses to auditory targets in the OC paradigm because the targets fall outside the focus of attention.
现在有令人信服的证据表明，空间注意力非自愿地转移到一种模态中的刺激上会影响其他模态中刺激的处理，但不同范式下的不一致结果引发了争议。这种不一致对跨模态注意力理论具有重要意义。作者研究了为何将注意力导向视觉事件有时会影响对后续声音的反应，以及为何有时却不会。他们在两种范式——内隐空间辨别（ISD）和正交线索化（OC）——中考察了视觉线索对听觉目标的影响，这两种范式过去曾产生相互矛盾的结果。与先前的研究一致，在ISD范式中视觉线索促进了对同侧听觉目标的反应，但在OC范式中却没有。此外，在ISD范式中，视觉线索仅在目标直接出现在线索化位置时促进对听觉目标的反应，而当目标出现在线索化位置上方或下方时则不然。这种结果模式证实了最近的说法，即视觉线索在OC范式中未能影响对听觉目标的反应是因为目标落在了注意力焦点之外。
