Espiñeira Montserrat, González-Lavín Nerea, Vieites Juan M, Santaclara Francisco J
Area of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ANFACO-CECOPESCA, Vigo, 36310 Pontevedra, Spain.
J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Oct 8;56(19):8954-61. doi: 10.1021/jf800570r. Epub 2008 Sep 11.
In the present study a method for genetic identification of flatfish species was developed. The technique is based on DNA sequencing of amplified DNA by PCR and subsequent phylogenetic analysis ( FINS). A phylogenetic tree using the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) was constructed and the bootstrap values calculated. The mentioned technique allows the genetic identification of more than 50 flatfish species in fresh, frozen, and precooked products. This analytical system was validated and subsequently applied to 30 commercial samples, obtaining 13 that were incorrectly labeled (43%). Four of the mislabeled samples were whole fish (31%), and nine were fillets (69%). The species with the higher rate of incorrect labeling were Pleuronectes platessa (17%) and Solea solea (10%). Other species incorrectly labeled were Hipoglossus hipoglossus (7%), Reinharditus hippoglossoides, Limanda ferruginea, and Microstomus kitt (3% each species). Therefore, this molecular tool is appropriate to clarify questions related with the correct labeling of commercial products, the traceability of raw materials, and the control of imported flatfish, and also can be applied to questions linked to the control of fisheries.
在本研究中，开发了一种用于比目鱼物种基因鉴定的方法。该技术基于通过聚合酶链式反应（PCR）对扩增的DNA进行测序以及随后的系统发育分析（FINS）。构建了使用细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）的系统发育树并计算了自展值。上述技术能够对新鲜、冷冻和预煮产品中的50多种比目鱼物种进行基因鉴定。该分析系统经过验证，随后应用于30个商业样品，发现有13个标签错误（43%）。其中4个标签错误的样品是整条鱼（31%），9个是鱼片（69%）。标签错误率较高的物种是欧洲比目鱼（17%）和鳎鱼（10%）。其他标签错误的物种有庸鲽（7%）、太平洋庸鲽、锈赤腹鲆和小眼绿鳍鱼（各物种均为3%）。因此，这种分子工具适用于澄清与商业产品正确标签、原材料可追溯性以及进口比目鱼控制相关的问题，并且还可应用于与渔业控制相关的问题。
