Rutledge Carolyn M, Rimer Don, Scott Micah
School of Nursing, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
J Sch Health. 2008 Sep;78(9):459-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2008.00331.x.
In recent years, a number of tragedies have been linked to the Goth culture. Most alarming have been the acts of violence, suicide, and self-harm found among teens. Teachers, parents, administrators, and fellow students are at a loss on how to relate to such students. They are unsure what role they might play in addressing some of the psychosocial issues they encounter. The purposes of this article are to describe characteristics of Goth teens, identify psychosocial risks for these teens, and describe roles school personnel can play.
This article provides a review of the Goth culture, risk factors for Goth teens, and methods school personnel can use in identifying and addressing the psychosocial needs of this group.
The Goth culture attracts teens who are depressed, feel persecuted, have a distrust of society, or have suffered past abuse. They then surround themselves with people, music, Web sites, and activities that foster angry or depressed feelings. They have a higher prevalence of depression, self-harm, suicide, and violence than non-Goth teens.
School personnel are in a position to make a difference. By preparing themselves with knowledge, skills, materials, and referral sources, they can serve as liaisons. They have a specific role in advocating for the health and safety of students, identifying students who are at risk, disseminating new knowledge, and providing guidance in the management of the troubled teens.
近年来，一些悲剧事件与哥特文化相关联。其中最令人担忧的是在青少年中发现的暴力、自杀和自我伤害行为。教师、家长、管理人员和同学都不知道如何与这类学生相处。他们不确定在解决他们所遇到的一些心理社会问题时可以扮演什么角色。本文的目的是描述哥特青少年的特征，识别这些青少年面临的心理社会风险，并描述学校工作人员可以发挥的作用。
本文回顾了哥特文化、哥特青少年的风险因素，以及学校工作人员可用于识别和满足该群体心理社会需求的方法。
哥特文化吸引了那些抑郁、感到受迫害、不信任社会或曾遭受过虐待的青少年。然后，他们让自己置身于会滋生愤怒或抑郁情绪的人群、音乐、网站和活动之中。他们患抑郁症、自我伤害、自杀和暴力行为的比例高于非哥特青少年。
学校工作人员能够发挥作用。通过用知识、技能、材料和转介资源武装自己，他们可以充当联络人。他们在倡导学生的健康和安全、识别有风险的学生、传播新知识以及为问题青少年的管理提供指导方面具有特定作用。
