Successful stimulation of autologous bone marrow recovery by GM-CSF and IL-3 after an unrelated donor BMT for juvenile CML complicated by graft failure.

We report the case of a boy with juvenile chronic myeloid leukemia (jCML), who after initial treatment with interferon alpha-2 (IFN) and hydroxyurea underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from a matched unrelated donor complicated by graft failure. Subsequent stimulation of hematopoiesis by GM-CSF and IL-3 promoted autologous recovery. In contrast to the course of disease pre-BMT, the boy is now off any therapy remaining in complete remission more than 500 days after BMT.