Craske Michelle G, Waters Allison M, Nazarian Maria, Mineka Susan, Zinbarg Richard E, Griffith James W, Naliboff Bruce, Ornitz Edward M
Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, California, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2009 Feb 1;65(3):220-6. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.07.020. Epub 2008 Sep 11.
This study evaluated the relationship between neuroticism (N), a probable risk factor for emotional disorders, and modulation of startle reflexes (SRs).
One hundred thirty-two adolescents with varying levels of N but without anxiety or depressive disorders were evaluated in contextual cue and explicit threat cue paradigms.
Within the explicit threat cue paradigm, N potentiated SRs more in conditions that were intermediately associated with threat of an aversive biceps contraction than conditions that were the furthest from and conditions that were the closest to the same threat. Also, N potentiated SRs across the entire experiment, regardless of experimental conditions, in male and not in female subjects.
These results suggest that adolescents with high levels of N show greater sensitivity to contexts intermediately associated with threat. Results are discussed in comparison with other studies of groups at risk for anxiety and depressive disorders.
本研究评估了神经质(N)这一情绪障碍潜在风险因素与惊吓反射(SRs)调节之间的关系。
对132名N水平各异但无焦虑或抑郁障碍的青少年进行了情境线索和明确威胁线索范式评估。
在明确威胁线索范式中,与厌恶的二头肌收缩威胁关联程度中等的条件下,N对SRs的增强作用大于与同一威胁关联程度最远和最近的条件。此外,在整个实验中,无论实验条件如何,N在男性而非女性受试者中增强了SRs。
这些结果表明,高N水平的青少年对与威胁关联程度中等的情境表现出更高的敏感性。将结果与其他焦虑和抑郁障碍风险群体的研究进行了比较讨论。