Drago Valeria, Foster Paul S, Skidmore Frank M, Kluger Benzi, Antoniello Daniel, Heilman Kenneth M
Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Cogn Behav Neurol. 2008 Sep;21(3):138-42. doi: 10.1097/WNN.0b013e3181864a35.
Patients with Parkinson disease (PD) have deficits in the neurotransmitter systems important for the normal allocation of attention. We sought to examine how the presence of PD influences the spatial allocation of reactive (bottom-up) and volitional (top-down) attention.
To assess the spatial allocation of attention, we used the line bisection task. When assessing "bottom-up" attention, lateral blinking lights were or were not present during the time the PD and normal subjects were attempting to perform line bisections. In the top-down condition, these subjects were asked to name the color of the laterally presented light before bisecting lines.
In the bottom-up condition, when compared with control subjects, the participants with PD were not abnormally distracted, but in the top-down condition, imperative stimuli on the right side of the line seemed to influence the PD subjects' allocation of attention.
The results suggest that when voluntarily allocating attention rightward, PD patients have difficulty disengaging and/or reallocating their attention. This disengagement deficit might be related to the frontal-executive dysfunction associated with PD.
帕金森病（PD）患者在对正常注意力分配很重要的神经递质系统方面存在缺陷。我们试图研究PD的存在如何影响反应性（自下而上）和意志性（自上而下）注意力的空间分配。
为了评估注意力的空间分配，我们使用了直线二等分任务。在评估“自下而上”注意力时，在PD患者和正常受试者尝试进行直线二等分的过程中，有或没有侧向闪烁的灯光。在自上而下的情况下，要求这些受试者在二等分直线之前说出侧向呈现灯光的颜色。
在自下而上的情况下，与对照受试者相比，PD患者没有受到异常干扰，但在自上而下的情况下，直线右侧的强制性刺激似乎影响了PD受试者的注意力分配。
结果表明，当自愿向右分配注意力时，PD患者在转移和/或重新分配注意力方面存在困难。这种注意力转移缺陷可能与PD相关的额叶执行功能障碍有关。
