Cavić Tamara, Lecić-Tosevski Dusica, Pejović Mirko
Institut za neuropsihijatrijske bolesti "Dr Laza Lazarević", Beograd.
Med Pregl. 2008 Jan-Feb;61(1-2):11-5. doi: 10.2298/mpns0802011c.
In extreme life events basic assumptions are frequently reassessed and changed. Therefore, trauma requires re-education. Effective coping strategies enable individual to tolerate, minimize, accept or ignore what one cannot manage and to moderate the consequences of stressful, traumatic events.
The aim of this study was to evaluate coping strategies in refugees with post-traumatic stress disorder prior and after group cognitive-behavioural therapy. The sample included 70 refugees who experienced multiple stressors such as organized violence, ethnic conflicts, bombing, expelling from their homes and life in exile. Impact Event Scales-Revised, Ways of Coping-Revised, Scale of Cognitive Self-regulation and Scale of Coping Strategies were administered before and after six months of group cognitive-behavioural therapy.
Post-traumatic stress disorder in refugees after therapy significantly decreased. Cognitive self-regulation was improved by moving locus of control from external to internal resources. Coping was qualitatively different, with a wider repertoire of adaptive strategies.
Cognitive group work facilitates processes of grieving, working-through of traumatic material, increasing emotional awareness and developing creativity in coping.
Our findings highlight the positive impact of cognitive-behavioural treatment on post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic adjustment.
在极端生活事件中，基本假设常常会被重新评估和改变。因此，创伤需要重新学习。有效的应对策略能使个体容忍、最小化、接受或忽略自身无法应对之事，并减轻应激性创伤事件的后果。
本研究旨在评估创伤后应激障碍难民在接受团体认知行为治疗前后的应对策略。样本包括70名经历过有组织暴力、种族冲突、爆炸、被逐出家园及流亡生活等多种应激源的难民。在团体认知行为治疗六个月前后，分别使用修订版冲击事件量表、修订版应对方式量表、认知自我调节量表和应对策略量表进行测评。
治疗后难民的创伤后应激障碍显著减轻。通过将控制点从外部资源转向内部资源，认知自我调节得到改善。应对方式在性质上有所不同，适应性策略的种类更加丰富。
认知团体工作有助于悲伤过程、处理创伤性材料、增强情绪意识以及培养应对中的创造力。
我们的研究结果凸显了认知行为治疗对创伤后应激障碍及创伤后适应的积极影响。
