Smith Andrew
WHO Collaborating Centre for the Molecular Epidemiology of Parasitic Infections, School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
Trends Parasitol. 2008 Nov;24(11):492-6. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2008.07.008. Epub 2008 Sep 16.
The potential for vector-independent transmission of pathogens to occur in what is generally considered to be a vector-borne system is a subject that has received little direct attention. The circumstances under which such a process might take place could conceivably be described as 'occasional' under natural conditions and 'accidental' under unnatural conditions. A more immediate concern is the ability to detect the presence of vector-independent transmission in action and, where possible, to quantify its contribution to overall infection prevalence. As intrinsically difficult as this process might be, careful observation and the use of laboratory and field-scale experiments have indicated that alternative, vector-independent routes of transmission do exist and might contribute significantly to overall prevalence in some host-vector-pathogen systems.
在通常被认为是媒介传播的系统中，病原体发生非媒介传播的可能性是一个很少受到直接关注的课题。可以想象，在自然条件下，这种过程发生的情况可描述为“偶然的”，而在非自然条件下则为“意外的”。一个更直接的问题是能否检测到正在发生的非媒介传播，并在可能的情况下量化其对总体感染率的贡献。尽管这个过程本身可能非常困难，但仔细的观察以及实验室和实地规模的实验表明，确实存在替代的、非媒介传播途径，并且在一些宿主-媒介-病原体系统中可能对总体感染率有显著贡献。
