Szafer-Glusman Edith, Giansanti Maria Grazia, Nishihama Ryuichi, Bolival Benjamin, Pringle John, Gatti Maurizio, Fuller Margaret T
Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5329, USA.
Curr Biol. 2008 Sep 23;18(18):1426-31. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.061.
Cell shape and membrane remodeling rely on regulated interactions between the lipid bilayer and cytoskeletal arrays at the cell cortex. During cytokinesis, animal cells build an actomyosin ring anchored to the plasma membrane at the equatorial cortex. Ring constriction coupled to plasma-membrane ingression separates the two daughter cells. Plasma-membrane lipids influence membrane biophysical properties such as membrane curvature and elasticity and play an active role in cell function, and specialized membrane domains are emerging as important factors in regulating assembly and rearrangement of the cytoskeleton. Here, we show that mutations in the gene bond, which encodes a Drosophila member of the family of Elovl proteins that mediate elongation of very-long-chain fatty acids, block or dramatically slow cleavage-furrow ingression during early telophase in dividing spermatocytes. In bond mutant cells at late stages of division, the contractile ring frequently detaches from the cortex and constricts or collapses to one side of the cell, and the cleavage furrow regresses. Our findings implicate very-long-chain fatty acids or their derivative complex lipids in allowing supple membrane deformation and the stable connection of cortical contractile components to the plasma membrane during cell division.
细胞形状和膜重塑依赖于脂质双层与细胞皮层处细胞骨架阵列之间的调控相互作用。在胞质分裂过程中，动物细胞在赤道皮层构建一个锚定在质膜上的肌动球蛋白环。与质膜内陷相关的环收缩将两个子细胞分开。质膜脂质影响膜的生物物理特性，如膜曲率和弹性，并在细胞功能中发挥积极作用，而特殊的膜结构域正成为调节细胞骨架组装和重排的重要因素。在这里，我们表明，bond基因发生突变会阻断或显著减缓分裂精母细胞后期末期早期的分裂沟内陷，该基因编码果蝇中一种介导超长链脂肪酸延长的Elovl蛋白家族成员。在分裂后期的bond突变细胞中，收缩环经常从皮层脱离，收缩或塌陷到细胞的一侧，分裂沟退缩。我们的研究结果表明，超长链脂肪酸或其衍生的复合脂质在细胞分裂过程中允许膜进行柔软变形以及皮层收缩成分与质膜的稳定连接。
