Bonitz Verena S, Gordon Robert D
North Dakota State University, ND, USA.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2008 Oct;129(2):255-63. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2008.08.006.
This study examined the influences of semantic characteristics of objects in real-world scenes on allocation of attention as reflected in eye movement measures. Stimuli consisted of full-color photographic scenes, and within each scene, the semantic salience of two target objects was manipulated while the objects' perceptual salience was kept constant. One of the target objects was either inconsistent or consistent with the scene category. In addition, the second target object was either smoking-related or neutral. Two groups of college students, namely current cigarette smokers (N=18) and non-smokers (N=19), viewed each scene for 10s while their eye movements were recorded. While both groups showed preferential allocation of attention to inconsistent objects, smokers also selectively attended to smoking-related objects. Theoretical implications of the results are discussed.
本研究通过眼动测量考察了现实场景中物体语义特征对注意力分配的影响。刺激物由全彩色摄影场景组成，在每个场景中，两个目标物体的语义显著性被操纵，而物体的知觉显著性保持不变。其中一个目标物体与场景类别不一致或一致。此外，第二个目标物体与吸烟相关或为中性。两组大学生，即当前吸烟者（N = 18）和非吸烟者（N = 19），观看每个场景10秒，同时记录他们的眼动情况。虽然两组都表现出对不一致物体的注意力优先分配，但吸烟者也会选择性地关注与吸烟相关的物体。文中讨论了研究结果的理论意义。
