Riediger Michaela, Freund Alexandra M
Max Planck Institute for Human Development.
University of Zurich.
Psychol Aging. 2008 Sep;23(3):479-494. doi: 10.1037/a0013302.
Two studies investigated adult age differences in the frequency and emotional consequences of motivational conflicts (i.e., feeling that one wants to or should do something else in a given situation). Study 1 compared younger and older adults. Study 2 included a more age-heterogeneous sample ranging from 20 to 70 years. Data were obtained using diary and experience-sampling methods. Multilevel regression showed that motivational conflict was associated with lower emotional well-being. With age, the frequency of motivational conflict decreased, while emotional well-being increased. Importantly, the age-related decrease in motivational conflicts partly accounted for the age-related increase in emotional well-being. Findings were consistent across studies and robust after the authors controlled for age differences in a number of control variables including time use. The authors conclude that an age-related decrease in motivational conflicts in daily life may be among the factors underlying the positive development of emotional well-being into older adulthood.
两项研究调查了成年人在动机冲突（即在特定情境中感觉自己想要或应该做其他事情）的频率和情感后果方面的年龄差异。研究1比较了年轻人和老年人。研究2纳入了一个年龄分布更不均一的样本，年龄范围从20岁到70岁。数据通过日记和经验抽样方法获得。多层次回归分析表明，动机冲突与较低的情绪幸福感相关。随着年龄增长，动机冲突的频率降低，而情绪幸福感则增加。重要的是，与年龄相关的动机冲突减少部分解释了与年龄相关的情绪幸福感增加。两项研究的结果一致，并且在作者控制了包括时间利用在内的多个控制变量的年龄差异后，结果依然稳健。作者得出结论，日常生活中与年龄相关的动机冲突减少可能是老年期情绪幸福感积极发展的潜在因素之一。
