Oliveira Lúcia, Freire Carmen S R, Silvestre Armando J D, Cordeiro Nereida
CICECO and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Oct 22;56(20):9520-4. doi: 10.1021/jf801709t. Epub 2008 Sep 26.
The chemical composition of the lipophilic extracts of unripe pulp and peel of banana fruit 'Dwarf Cavendish' was studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fatty acids, sterols, and steryl esters are the major families of lipophilic components present in banana tissues, followed by diacylglycerols, steryl glucosides, long chain fatty alcohols, and aromatic compounds. Fatty acids are more abundant in the banana pulp (29-90% of the total amount of lipophilic extract), with linoleic, linolenic, and oleic acids as the major compounds of this family. In banana peel, sterols represent about 49-71% of the lipophilic extract with two triterpenic ketones (31-norcyclolaudenone and cycloeucalenone) as the major components. The detection of high amounts of steryl esters (469-24405 mg/kg) and diacylglycerols (119-878 mg/kg), mainly present in the banana peel extract, explains the increase in the abundance of fatty acids and sterols after alkaline hydrolysis. Several steryl glucosides were also found in significative amounts (273-888 mg/kg), particularly in banana pulp (888 mg/kg). The high content of sterols (and their derivatives) in the 'Dwarf Cavendish' fruit can open new strategies for the valorization of the banana residues as a potential source of high-value phytochemicals with nutraceutical and functional food additive applications.
采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用技术研究了香蕉品种‘矮卡文迪什’未成熟果肉和果皮的亲脂性提取物的化学成分。脂肪酸、甾醇和甾醇酯是香蕉组织中亲脂性成分的主要类别，其次是二酰基甘油、甾醇糖苷、长链脂肪醇和芳香化合物。脂肪酸在香蕉果肉中含量更为丰富（占亲脂性提取物总量的29 - 90%），其中亚油酸、亚麻酸和油酸是该类别的主要化合物。在香蕉皮中，甾醇约占亲脂性提取物的49 - 71%，两种三萜酮（31 - 降环劳丹酮和环桉烯酮）是主要成分。在香蕉皮提取物中大量检测到甾醇酯（469 - 24405 mg/kg）和二酰基甘油（119 - 878 mg/kg），这解释了碱性水解后脂肪酸和甾醇含量的增加。还发现了几种含量可观的甾醇糖苷（273 - 888 mg/kg），特别是在香蕉果肉中（888 mg/kg）。‘矮卡文迪什’果实中甾醇（及其衍生物）的高含量为将香蕉残渣作为具有营养保健和功能性食品添加剂应用的高价值植物化学物质的潜在来源进行增值利用开辟了新策略。
