Collingridge Dave S, Gantt Edwin E
Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, Utah 84143, USA.
Am J Med Qual. 2008 Sep-Oct;23(5):389-95. doi: 10.1177/1062860608320646.
In general, an appreciation of the standards of qualitative research and the types of qualitative data analyses available to researchers have not kept pace with the growing presence of qualitative studies in medical science. To help rectify this problem, the authors clarify qualitative research reliability, validity, sampling, and generalizability. They also provide 3 major theoretical frameworks for data collection and analysis that investigators may consider adopting. These 3 approaches are ethnography, existential phenomenology, and grounded theory. For each, the basic steps of data collection and analysis involved are presented, along with real-life examples of how they can contribute to improving medical care.
总体而言，对定性研究标准以及研究人员可采用的定性数据分析类型的认识，未能跟上定性研究在医学领域日益增加的步伐。为帮助纠正这一问题，作者阐明了定性研究的可靠性、有效性、抽样和可推广性。他们还提供了3种主要的数据收集和分析理论框架供研究人员考虑采用。这3种方法分别是民族志、存在主义现象学和扎根理论。文中针对每种方法，介绍了数据收集和分析的基本步骤，并列举了它们如何有助于改善医疗护理的实际例子。
