Pasco Julie A, Williams Lana J, Jacka Felice N, Ng Felicity, Henry Margaret J, Nicholson Geoffrey C, Kotowicz Mark A, Berk Michael
Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences: Barwon Health, The University of Melbourne, PO Box 281, Geelong 3220, Australia.
Br J Psychiatry. 2008 Oct;193(4):322-6. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.107.046706.
Smoking is disproportionately prevalent among people with psychiatric illness.
To investigate smoking as a risk factor for major depressive disorder.
A population-based sample of women was studied using case-control and retrospective cohort study designs. Exposure to smoking was self-reported, and major depressive disorder diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID-I/NP).
Among 165 people with major depressive disorder and 806 controls, smoking was associated with increased odds for major depressive disorder (age-adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.46, 95% CI 1.03-2.07). Compared with non-smokers, odds for major depressive disorder more than doubled for heavy smokers (>20 cigarettes/day). Among 671 women with no history of major depressive disorder at baseline, 13 of 87 smokers and 38 of 584 non-smokers developed de novo major depressive disorder during a decade of follow-up. Smoking increased major depressive disorder risk by 93% (hazard ratio (HR)=1.93, 95% CI 1.02-3.69); this was not explained by physical activity or alcohol consumption.
Evidence from cross-sectional and longitudinal data suggests that smoking increases the risk of major depressive disorder in women.
吸烟在患有精神疾病的人群中尤为普遍。
研究吸烟作为重度抑郁症的一个风险因素。
采用病例对照和回顾性队列研究设计，对一个基于人群的女性样本进行研究。吸烟情况通过自我报告获取，重度抑郁症则使用针对《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版修订版（DSM-IV-TR）的结构化临床访谈（SCID-I/NP）进行诊断。
在165例重度抑郁症患者和806名对照者中，吸烟与重度抑郁症的患病几率增加相关（年龄调整后的优势比（OR）=1.46，95%置信区间1.03 - 2.07）。与不吸烟者相比，重度吸烟者（每天>20支香烟）患重度抑郁症的几率增加了一倍多。在671名基线时无重度抑郁症病史的女性中，87名吸烟者中有13名，584名不吸烟者中有38名在十年随访期间患上了新发重度抑郁症。吸烟使重度抑郁症风险增加了93%（风险比（HR）=1.93，95%置信区间1.02 - 3.69）；这无法通过体育活动或饮酒来解释。
横断面和纵向数据的证据表明，吸烟会增加女性患重度抑郁症的风险。
