Bennani Vincent, Schwass Donald, Chandler Nicholas
Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2008 Oct;139(10):1354-63. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0047.
The authors reviewed and compared gingival retraction techniques used for implants and teeth.
The authors searched the literature using article databases Ovid MEDLINE up to May 2008, PubMED and Google Scholar (advanced search) and the following search terms: gingival retraction, implant abutment, impressions, cement-retained implant restoration, impression coping, peri-implant tissue, emergence profile and tissue conditioning.
The authors found insufficient evidence relating to gingival displacement techniques for impression making for implant dentistry. Gingival retraction techniques and materials are designed primarily for peridental applications; the authors considered their relevance to peri-implant applications and determined that further research and new product development are needed.
The use of injectable materials that form an expanding matrix to provide gingival retraction offers effective exposure of preparation finish lines and is suitable for conventional impression-making methods or computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing digital impressions in many situations. There are, however, limitations with any retraction technique, including injectable matrices, for situations in which clinicians place deep implants.
作者回顾并比较了用于种植体和牙齿的牙龈退缩技术。
作者使用文章数据库Ovid MEDLINE（截至2008年5月）、PubMed和谷歌学术（高级搜索）以及以下搜索词检索文献：牙龈退缩、种植体基台、印模、粘结固位种植体修复、印模帽、种植体周围组织、龈缘外形和组织处理。
作者发现关于种植义齿印模制作中牙龈移位技术的证据不足。牙龈退缩技术和材料主要是为牙周应用设计的；作者考虑了它们与种植体周围应用的相关性，并确定需要进一步研究和开发新产品。
使用形成膨胀基质以提供牙龈退缩的可注射材料可有效暴露预备体的边缘线，并且在许多情况下适用于传统印模制作方法或计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造数字印模。然而，对于临床医生植入较深种植体的情况，任何退缩技术，包括可注射基质，都存在局限性。
