Walji N, Chan A K, Peake D R
The Cancer Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
Postgrad Med J. 2008 Aug;84(994):418-27. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.2007.067033.
In the UK an aging population is resulting in more people being diagnosed with cancer, and an increasing number of treatment options means that many patients live significantly longer with their disease. It is anticipated therefore that an increasing number of patients will present to primary and secondary care with acute complications of cancer, or the treatment thereof. Many doctors have limited experience in managing patients with cancer and acute oncological emergencies. This article reviews the diagnosis and management of four common oncological emergencies: febrile neutropenia, metastatic spinal cord compression, superior vena cava obstruction, and malignancy associated hypercalcaemia. It is vital to recognise these conditions, as failure to implement immediate and appropriate treatment may result in significant morbidity or death.
在英国，人口老龄化导致越来越多的人被诊断出患有癌症，并且治疗选择的增加意味着许多患者在患病后存活的时间显著延长。因此，可以预计会有越来越多的患者因癌症的急性并发症或其治疗而前往初级和二级医疗机构就诊。许多医生在管理癌症患者和急性肿瘤急症方面经验有限。本文综述了四种常见肿瘤急症的诊断和管理：发热性中性粒细胞减少症、转移性脊髓压迫症、上腔静脉阻塞和恶性肿瘤相关性高钙血症。认识到这些情况至关重要，因为未能立即实施适当治疗可能导致严重的发病率或死亡。
