大学生双眼视觉变化：一项为期3年的纵向研究。

Binocular vision changes in university students: a 3-year longitudinal study.

作者信息

Jorge Jorge, de Almeida José Borges, Parafita Manuel A

机构信息

Department of Physics (Optometry), School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.

出版信息

Optom Vis Sci. 2008 Oct;85(10):E999-E1006. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181890d35.

DOI:10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181890d35

PMID:18832972

Abstract

PURPOSE

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in accommodation and binocular vision parameters during a period of 3 years and to evaluate their potential influence on the refractive changes observed over the same period of time in a population of university students in Portugal.

METHODS

A 3-year longitudinal study was conducted comprising 118 young adults (34 males and 84 females; mean age: 20.6 +/- 2.3 years). Examinations consisted of subjective refraction, dissociated phoria and vergences at distance and near vision, accommodative convergence/accommodative ratio, lag of accommodation, and the negative and positive relative accommodation.

RESULTS

There were statistically significant differences between the first (2002) and the second examination (2005) relative to distance and near phoria, and break and recovery points for the base-in and base-out at distance vision. Statistically significant differences were also obtained for the blur and break points for the base-out, and for break and recovery points for the base-in at near vision. As regards accommodation parameters, we verified a statistically significant difference for all parameters measured. Comparing the baseline values of patients who suffered a myopic shift > or =0.50 D with those from patients who did not experience such a shift, we observed a statistically significant difference for the break value of the base-in at distance vision (equal to 12.2 +/- 3.6 for the group without refractive error alteration and 15.8 +/- 6.8 for the other group) and for the break value of the base-in at near vision (equal to 22.4 +/- 5.2 and 24.8 +/- 5.5 for the group without refractive error alteration and for the other group, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

We observed significant changes in near heterophoria, fusional vergences, and positive relative accommodation. The break values of the base-in fusional vergence account as significant predictors of myopic shift in young adults.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在调查3年期间调节和双眼视觉参数的变化，并评估其对葡萄牙大学生群体在同一时期观察到的屈光变化的潜在影响。

方法

进行了一项为期3年的纵向研究，纳入118名年轻人（34名男性和84名女性；平均年龄：20.6±2.3岁）。检查包括主观验光、远距离和近距离视力时的分离性隐斜和聚散度、调节性集合/调节比、调节滞后以及正负相对调节。

结果

第一次检查（2002年）和第二次检查（2005年）在远距离和近距离隐斜、远距离视力外展和内收的破裂点和恢复点方面存在统计学显著差异。在近距离视力外展的模糊点和破裂点以及近距离视力内收的破裂点和恢复点方面也获得了统计学显著差异。关于调节参数，我们验证了所有测量参数均存在统计学显著差异。将近视偏移≥0.50 D的患者的基线值与未经历这种偏移的患者的基线值进行比较，我们观察到远距离视力内收的破裂值（无屈光不正改变组为12.2±3.6，另一组为15.8±6.8）和近距离视力内收的破裂值（无屈光不正改变组为22.4±5.2，另一组为24.8±5.5）存在统计学显著差异。