Abstract
Systemic causes of leg edema include idiopathic cyclic edema, heart failure, cirrhosis, nephrosis and other hypoproteinemic states. Lymphedema may be primary, or secondary to neoplasm, lymphangitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis and, rarely (in the U.S.), filariasis. Thrombophlebitis and chronic venous insufficiency are not uncommon causes. Finally, infection, ischemia, lipedema, vascular anomalies, tumors and trauma can be responsible for the swollen leg.
摘要
腿部水肿的全身性原因包括特发性周期性水肿、心力衰竭、肝硬化、肾病及其他低蛋白血症状态。淋巴水肿可能是原发性的，或继发于肿瘤、淋巴管炎、腹膜后纤维化，在美国很少见的病因是丝虫病。血栓性静脉炎和慢性静脉功能不全是常见病因。最后，感染、缺血、脂肪性水肿、血管异常、肿瘤和创伤都可能导致腿部肿胀。
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The swollen leg.肿胀的腿部。
Am Fam Physician. 1977 Jan;15(1):163-73.
2
The swollen leg. Clinical significance and differential diagnosis.腿部肿胀。临床意义及鉴别诊断。
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3
Differential diagnosis of edema of the lower extremities.
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The swollen limb: cutaneous clues to diagnosis and treatment.肿胀的肢体：诊断和治疗的皮肤线索
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6
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DDx and management of leg edema in the elderly.老年人腿部水肿的鉴别诊断与处理
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9
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