Scavone H, Guimarães C H, Ferreira R I, Nahás A C R, Vellini-Ferreira F
Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, University of São Paulo City, UNICID, São Paulo, Brazil.
Community Dent Health. 2008 Sep;25(3):161-5.
To evaluate the relationship between breastfeeding duration and the prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits in children with deciduous dentition.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on the mothers of 551 children aged 3 to 6 years, randomly selected from public pre-schools in São Paulo, Brazil. Mothers were asked to complete a questionnaire that included items regarding their children's age, gender, race, method and duration of infant feeding, as well as pacifier use and/or digit-sucking habits. According to the answers pertinent to the method and duration of infant feeding, children were assigned to five groups: 1--never breastfed, 2--breastfed for a period shorter than 3 months of life, 3--breastfed for 3 to 6 months, 4--breastfed for 6 to 9 months, and 5--breastfed for 9 months or longer. Data were submitted to the Fisher's exact test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons to analyse possible associations between breastfeeding duration period categories and non-nutritive sucking behaviours.
Pacifier use frequency was high in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 (85%, 87.6%, 78% and 70%, respectively), in comparison with that in group 5 (38.6%). The prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits was significantly reduced in children who were breastfed for nine months or longer (p = 0.000). There were no statistically significant differences in the frequencies of pacifier use and/or digit-sucking habits between genders, regardless of the breastfeeding duration period.
Children aged 3-6 years who were breastfed for nine months or longer had a lower prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits.
评估母乳喂养持续时间与乳牙列儿童非营养性吸吮习惯患病率之间的关系。
对从巴西圣保罗公立幼儿园随机选取的551名3至6岁儿童的母亲进行横断面调查。要求母亲们填写一份问卷，其中包括有关孩子的年龄、性别、种族、婴儿喂养方式和持续时间，以及使用安抚奶嘴和/或吮指习惯的项目。根据与婴儿喂养方式和持续时间相关的答案，将儿童分为五组：1组——从未母乳喂养；2组——母乳喂养时间短于3个月；3组——母乳喂养3至6个月；4组——母乳喂养6至9个月；5组——母乳喂养9个月或更长时间。数据采用经Bonferroni校正的Fisher精确检验进行多重比较，以分析母乳喂养持续时间类别与非营养性吸吮行为之间的可能关联。
与第5组（38.6%）相比，第1、2、3和4组的安抚奶嘴使用频率较高（分别为85%、87.6%、78%和70%）。母乳喂养9个月或更长时间的儿童非营养性吸吮习惯的患病率显著降低（p = 0.000）。无论母乳喂养持续时间如何，不同性别之间在安抚奶嘴使用和/或吮指习惯频率上均无统计学显著差异。
母乳喂养9个月或更长时间的3至6岁儿童非营养性吸吮习惯的患病率较低。
