Adair Timothy
School of Population Health, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia.
J Biosoc Sci. 2009 Mar;41(2):269-78. doi: 10.1017/S0021932008003076. Epub 2008 Oct 13.
In Lesotho, the risk of mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV is substantial; women of childbearing age have a high HIV prevalence rate (26.4%), low knowledge of HIV status and a total fertility rate of 3.5 births per woman. An effective means of preventing MTCT is to reduce unwanted fertility. This paper examines the unmet need for contraception to limit and space births among HIV-positive women in Lesotho aged 15-49 years, using the 2004 Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey. HIV-positive women have their need for contraception unmet in almost one-third of cases, and multivariate analysis reveals this unmet need is most likely amongst the poor and amongst those not approving of family planning. Urgent action is needed to lower the level of unmet need and reduce MTCT. A constructive strategy is to improve access to family planning for all women in Lesotho, irrespective of HIV status, and, more specifically, integrate family planning with MTCT prevention and voluntary counselling and testing services.
在莱索托，艾滋病毒母婴传播（MTCT）的风险很大；育龄妇女的艾滋病毒感染率很高（26.4%），对艾滋病毒感染状况的知晓率很低，每名妇女的总生育率为3.5胎。预防母婴传播的一种有效方法是减少意外生育。本文利用2004年莱索托人口与健康调查，研究了莱索托15至49岁艾滋病毒呈阳性妇女在避孕以限制生育间隔方面未得到满足的需求。几乎三分之一的艾滋病毒呈阳性妇女的避孕需求未得到满足，多变量分析表明，这种未得到满足的需求在贫困人口以及那些不赞成计划生育的人群中最为常见。需要采取紧急行动来降低未得到满足的需求水平并减少母婴传播。一项建设性战略是改善莱索托所有妇女获得计划生育服务的机会，无论其艾滋病毒感染状况如何，更具体地说，将计划生育与母婴传播预防以及自愿咨询和检测服务相结合。
