Laqueille X, Launay C, Kanit M
Service d'addictologie, centre hospitalier Sainte-Anne, université René-Descartes-Paris-V, 1, rue Cabanis, 75674 Paris cedex 14, France.
Ann Pharm Fr. 2008 Aug;66(4):245-54. doi: 10.1016/j.pharma.2008.06.001. Epub 2008 Sep 4.
Cannabis is the most consumed illicit drug. For a number of years it was thought to be not very toxic, although this idea has no scientific backup. The object of much controversy, it is a public health problem for the most vulnerable populations, adolescents, subjects with evolutive psychopathologies and certain highly cognitive situations: driving a car, the professional environment and students. Cannabis breeds, in international classifications of mental disorders, intoxication charts, abuse and dependence, although this last could have been challenged. The complications are basically anxious and psychotic. It is the object of a number of debates associated with schizophrenic disorders, where it seems to be a risk factor where there is a large consumption before the age of fourteen. Like all psychoactive substances, it is an aggravating factor in all evolutive psychopathologies.
大麻是消费最为广泛的非法毒品。多年来，人们一直认为它毒性不大，尽管这一观点并无科学依据。作为诸多争议的焦点，它对最脆弱人群——青少年、患有渐进性精神疾病的人以及处于某些高度需要认知的情境（如开车、职场环境和学生群体）中的人而言，是一个公共卫生问题。在国际精神障碍分类、中毒图表、滥用和依赖方面，大麻都有相关分类，尽管最后一项可能存在争议。其并发症主要是焦虑和精神症状。它是与精神分裂症相关的诸多辩论的主题，在14岁之前大量吸食大麻似乎是精神分裂症的一个风险因素。与所有精神活性物质一样，它在所有渐进性精神疾病中都是一个加重因素。
