Poster E C, Pelletier L R, Kay K
University of California-Los Angeles, Neuropsychiatric Institute and Hospital 90024.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1991 Jul;42(7):714-20. doi: 10.1176/ps.42.7.714.
Several factors increase the psychiatric inpatient's risk of falling, including side effects of medications and mental disorders that decrease awareness of environmental hazards. In this study, rates of falling were determined for a cohort of 4,156 psychiatric inpatients over 34 months. A total of 494 falls occurred among 376 patients. Thirty-five percent of the patients who fell required medical or nursing intervention. Forty-eight percent of the falls occurred in the over-60 age group. When other results were adjusted for age, neither gender nor diagnosis was found to increase the risk of falling, except for depressed patients under 20 years old, who were at less risk, and psychotic patients in their 60s, who were at greater risk. The authors discuss the costs of falls and preventive efforts instituted in their setting.
多种因素会增加精神科住院患者跌倒的风险，包括药物副作用以及降低对环境危险意识的精神障碍。在本研究中，确定了4156名精神科住院患者在34个月期间的跌倒发生率。376名患者共发生了494次跌倒。跌倒患者中有35%需要医疗或护理干预。48%的跌倒发生在60岁以上年龄组。在对其他结果进行年龄调整后，除了20岁以下的抑郁症患者跌倒风险较低以及60多岁的精神病患者跌倒风险较高外，未发现性别或诊断会增加跌倒风险。作者讨论了跌倒的成本以及他们所在机构采取的预防措施。
