Gar Natalie S, Hudson Jennifer L
Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
Behav Res Ther. 2008 Dec;46(12):1266-74. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2008.08.006. Epub 2008 Sep 9.
This study examined the association between parenting styles and mother and child anxiety. Maternal overinvolvement and negativity/criticism were evaluated during a speech preparation task (N=135 dyads) and a Five Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) from mothers (N=155). During the speech task interaction, mothers of anxious children (aged 4-16 years), regardless of their own anxiety, were observed to be more overinvolved than mothers of nonanxious children. Similarly, the FMSS showed that mothers of anxious children (aged 4-17 years) were more overprotective, self-sacrificing, or nonobjective than mothers of nonanxious children, irrespective of maternal anxiety status. No differences in maternal negativity were found on the speech task between any of the groups. However, the FMSS showed that mothers of anxious children were more critical than mothers of nonanxious children, regardless of maternal anxiety status. These results support the relationship between overinvolved, critical parenting and child anxiety, but suggest that maternal anxiety is not associated with increased overinvolvement or criticism. Theoretical implications are discussed.
本研究考察了养育方式与母亲及儿童焦虑之间的关联。在一项演讲准备任务（N = 135对母子）以及母亲的五分钟演讲样本（FMSS，N = 155）中，对母亲的过度参与和消极/批评行为进行了评估。在演讲任务互动过程中，观察发现，焦虑儿童（4至16岁）的母亲，无论自身焦虑状况如何，都比非焦虑儿童的母亲表现出更多的过度参与行为。同样，FMSS显示，焦虑儿童（4至17岁）的母亲，无论母亲的焦虑状况如何，都比非焦虑儿童的母亲更具过度保护欲、更自我牺牲或更不客观。在演讲任务中，任何组间在母亲的消极行为方面均未发现差异。然而，FMSS显示，焦虑儿童的母亲比非焦虑儿童的母亲更爱批评人，无论母亲的焦虑状况如何。这些结果支持了过度参与、爱批评的养育方式与儿童焦虑之间的关系，但表明母亲的焦虑与过度参与或批评的增加并无关联。文中对理论意义进行了讨论。
