Das U N
Department of Medicine, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta.
J Assoc Physicians India. 1991 Feb;39(2):201-4.
Tumour necrosis factor/cachectin (TNF) is considered a primary mediator in the pathogenesis of injury, infection and inflammation and seems to be essential for host defense and tissue homeostasis. On the other hand, TNF can also cause septic shock, tissue injury and cachexia. There is a close interaction between TNF and other cytokines such as interferon, interleukin-1 and interleukin-2, and prostaglandins. TNF is responsible for the deleterious effects of endotoxaemia, and passive immunization against it substantially mitigates the lethal effect of endotoxin. It is also a potent pyrogen, causes bone resorption, activates neutrophil adherence and degranulation and phagocytosis, and ultimately participates in inflammatory diseases of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, joints, muscle and central nervous system and in neoplastic diseases.
肿瘤坏死因子/恶病质素（TNF）被认为是损伤、感染和炎症发病机制中的主要介质，似乎对宿主防御和组织稳态至关重要。另一方面，TNF也可导致感染性休克、组织损伤和恶病质。TNF与其他细胞因子如干扰素、白细胞介素-1和白细胞介素-2以及前列腺素之间存在密切相互作用。TNF是内毒素血症有害作用的原因，针对其进行被动免疫可显著减轻内毒素的致死作用。它还是一种强效致热原，可引起骨吸收，激活中性粒细胞黏附、脱颗粒和吞噬作用，最终参与皮肤、胃肠道、关节、肌肉和中枢神经系统的炎症性疾病以及肿瘤性疾病。
