Gay S B, Armistead J P, Weber M E, Williamson B R
Department of Radiology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville 22908.
Radiographics. 1991 Jul;11(4):549-70. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.11.4.1887111.
Computed tomography (CT) is the preferred method for evaluating the left periaortic infrarenal region. Structures larger than 11 mm in cross-sectional diameter in this region are considered abnormal and should be evaluated for lymphadenopathy, hydroureter, or a vascular abnormality such as venous thrombosis or varicoceles. Normal structures include inferior mesenteric vessels, left gonadal vein and artery, and ureter. The diagnostic process may be complicated by variations in anatomy, including double inferior vena cava, left inferior vena cava, retroaortic left renal vein, circumaortic left renal vein, horseshoe kidney, crossed-fused renal ectopia, renal agenesis, and ureteral duplication. Familiarity with the anatomy of this region and awareness of normal variants are necessary to avoid errors in diagnosis. Radiologists should also be aware of problems in CT technique (nonopacified bowel, dynamic and unenhanced scanning) that can confuse the diagnosis.
计算机断层扫描（CT）是评估左肾周腹主动脉下区域的首选方法。该区域横截面直径大于11毫米的结构被视为异常，应评估是否存在淋巴结病、输尿管积水或血管异常，如静脉血栓形成或精索静脉曲张。正常结构包括肠系膜下血管、左生殖腺静脉和动脉以及输尿管。解剖结构的变异可能会使诊断过程复杂化，这些变异包括双下腔静脉、左下腔静脉、主动脉后左肾静脉、主动脉周围左肾静脉、马蹄肾、交叉融合肾异位、肾缺如和输尿管重复。熟悉该区域的解剖结构并了解正常变异对于避免诊断错误是必要的。放射科医生还应意识到CT技术方面的问题（未显影的肠道、动态和未增强扫描）可能会混淆诊断。
