Tanaka S
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 1991 Apr;62(1):46-9. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.62.46.
In this experiment, younger (4-year-olds) and older (6-year-olds) preschool children's task choices were analyzed based on the objective and subjective task difficulty levels. First, preschool children's understanding of the objective task difficulty levels was examined. While most older children understood the objective task difficulty levels, younger children did not. No understandable children's subjective task difficulty levels were checked. Next, younger and older children's task choices were analyzed respectively based on the objective task difficulty levels. As a result, there was no difference between an easy task choice and a moderate or a difficult task choice in both of them. Then, understandable children's task choices were reanalyzed based on the objective task difficulty levels and no understandable children's task choices were reanalyzed based on their subjective task difficulty levels. As a result, younger children chose an easy task more than a moderate or a difficult task. On the other hand, older children chose a moderate or a difficult task more than an easy one.
在本实验中，根据客观和主观任务难度水平对年幼（4岁）和年长（6岁）的学龄前儿童的任务选择进行了分析。首先，考察了学龄前儿童对客观任务难度水平的理解。虽然大多数年长儿童理解客观任务难度水平，但年幼儿童却不理解。没有检查儿童对主观任务难度水平的理解情况。接下来，分别根据客观任务难度水平对年幼和年长儿童的任务选择进行了分析。结果，他们在选择简单任务和中等难度或困难任务之间没有差异。然后，根据客观任务难度水平对理解能力正常的儿童的任务选择重新进行了分析，并且没有根据主观任务难度水平对理解能力正常的儿童的任务选择重新进行分析。结果，年幼儿童选择简单任务的次数多于选择中等难度或困难任务的次数。另一方面，年长儿童选择中等难度或困难任务的次数多于选择简单任务的次数。
