Kantele A, Arvilommi H, Kantele J M, Rintala L, Mäkelä P H
National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Microb Pathog. 1991 Feb;10(2):117-26. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(91)90072-i.
The live oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a has proved to confer protection against the disease at least as effectively as killed parenteral vaccines, whereas killed oral vaccines have not been protective in field trials. This prompted us to compare the immune response of subjects vaccinated either with live oral, killed oral or killed parenteral Salmonella typhi Ty21a vaccine. The immune responses were studied by analysis of peripheral blood antibody-secreting cells (ASC), believed to reflect the mucosal immune response. Live and killed bacteria administered by the oral route elicited immune responses of similar specificity and Ig class profile (IgA dominating), but the response to the live vaccine was significantly stronger and lasted longer. The administration route, on the other hand, influenced the antigenic specificity of the ASC response suggesting different processing of the antigen by the systemic and local immune systems. Thus, the response after oral vaccination was almost exclusively directed to the surface O-antigen, whereas after parenteral vaccination an equally strong response was seen to the O-antigen, to lipopolysaccharide core and to flagella.
口服伤寒活菌疫苗Ty21a已被证明对该疾病的预防效果至少与注射用灭活疫苗一样有效，而灭活口服疫苗在现场试验中并无预防作用。这促使我们比较接种口服活菌、口服灭活或注射用灭活伤寒沙门氏菌Ty21a疫苗的受试者的免疫反应。通过分析外周血抗体分泌细胞（ASC）来研究免疫反应，外周血抗体分泌细胞被认为可反映黏膜免疫反应。经口服途径给予的活菌和死菌引发了具有相似特异性和Ig类别谱（以IgA为主）的免疫反应，但对活菌疫苗的反应明显更强且持续时间更长。另一方面，给药途径影响了ASC反应的抗原特异性，这表明全身免疫系统和局部免疫系统对抗原的处理方式不同。因此，口服疫苗后的反应几乎完全针对表面O抗原，而注射疫苗后，对O抗原、脂多糖核心和鞭毛的反应同样强烈。
