WALD G
J Gen Physiol. 1948 May 20;31(5):377-83. doi: 10.1085/jgp.31.5.377.
A new carotenoid has been isolated from the chicken retina for which the name galloxanthin is proposed. This substance has the properties of a hydroxy carotenoid or xanthophyll. It has not yet been crystallized. On a chromatogram of calcium carbonate it is adsorbed just below astaxanthin and above lutein. The absorption spectrum of galloxanthin lies in a region where natural carotenoids have not ordinarily been found. Its main, central absorption band falls at about 400 mmicro. The position of its spectrum suggests a conjugated system of eight double bonds. This relatively short polyene structure must be reconciled with very strong adsorption affinities. With antimony trichloride, galloxanthin yields a deep blue product, possessing a main absorption band at 785 to 795 mmicro, and a secondary maximum at about 710 mmicro which may not be due to galloxanthin itself. Galloxanthin appears to be one of the carotenoid filter pigments associated with cone vision in the chicken. It may act as an auxiliary to the other filter pigments in differentiating colors; or its primary function may be to exclude violet and near ultraviolet radiations for which the eye has a large chromatic aberration.
从鸡的视网膜中分离出一种新的类胡萝卜素，建议将其命名为鸡黄质。这种物质具有羟基类胡萝卜素或叶黄素的特性。它尚未结晶。在碳酸钙色谱图上，它的吸附位置在虾青素之下、叶黄素之上。鸡黄质的吸收光谱位于通常未发现天然类胡萝卜素的区域。其主要的中心吸收带在约400毫微米处。其光谱位置表明有一个由八个双键组成的共轭体系。这种相对较短的多烯结构必须与非常强的吸附亲和力相协调。鸡黄质与三氯化锑反应会产生一种深蓝色产物，其主要吸收带在785至795毫微米处，在约710毫微米处有一个次最大值，这可能并非由鸡黄质本身所致。鸡黄质似乎是与鸡的视锥视觉相关的类胡萝卜素滤光色素之一。它可能在区分颜色时作为其他滤光色素的辅助；或者其主要功能可能是排除眼睛有较大色差的紫光和近紫外辐射。
