Jarvie Jill A, Malone Ruth E
San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2008 Dec;98(12):2140-5. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.130856. Epub 2008 Oct 15.
Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is a known cause of disease among nonsmokers, contributing to lung cancer, heart disease, and sudden infant death syndrome, as well as other diseases. In response to the growing body of scientific literature linking SHS with serious diseases, many countries, states, and cities have established policies mandating smoke-free public spaces. Yet thousands of children remain unprotected from exposure to SHS in private homes and cars. New initiatives targeting SHS in these spaces have raised ethical questions about imposing constraints on private behavior. We reviewed legislation and court cases related to such initiatives and used a principlist approach to analyze the ethical implications of policies banning smoking in private cars and homes in which children are present.
接触二手烟是已知的非吸烟者患病原因，会导致肺癌、心脏病、婴儿猝死综合症以及其他疾病。鉴于越来越多的科学文献将二手烟与严重疾病联系起来，许多国家、州和城市都制定了强制设立无烟公共场所的政策。然而，仍有成千上万的儿童在私人住宅和汽车中无法免受二手烟的侵害。针对这些场所二手烟问题的新举措引发了关于对私人行为施加限制的伦理问题。我们审查了与此类举措相关的立法和法庭案件，并采用原则主义方法分析了禁止在有儿童的私人汽车和住宅内吸烟的政策所产生的伦理影响。
