Go T, Macchiarini P
Department of General Thoracic, Surgery Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Minerva Chir. 2008 Oct;63(5):363-72.
While the number of the patients suffering from end-stage pulmonary disease has been increasing, the most common treatment for this entity remains mechanical ventilation that entails the risks of lung damage by itself. Although the lung protective strategy for the prevention of further damage to the lung tissue has been elucidated and performed, mechanical ventilation alone as the management tactic coping with the patients of acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic respiratory failure and lung transplantations has been a frustrated scenario. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or extracorporeal lung assist have been applied to these patients with occasional success, but it always accompanies difficulties such as multiple blood transfusion, labor intensity, technically complexity and tendency to infection. In contrast to advances in the development of cardiac or renal support systems for adults, the development of extra-, para- and intracorporeal mechanical systems for acute or chronic lung respiratory failure has logged far behind. It has been mostly due to the lack of the capable technologies. Entering 21st century with advent of new technology especially invention of the low resistance oxygenator, the developments of artificial lungs have entered the new stage. In this report current status of the artificial lungs will be reviewed.
尽管终末期肺病患者的数量一直在增加，但针对该病症最常见的治疗方法仍然是机械通气，而机械通气本身就存在肺损伤的风险。虽然已经阐明并实施了预防肺组织进一步损伤的肺保护策略，但仅靠机械通气作为应对急性呼吸窘迫综合征、慢性呼吸衰竭和肺移植患者的管理策略，一直是令人沮丧的情况。体外膜肺氧合或体外肺辅助已应用于这些患者，偶尔取得成功，但它总是伴随着诸如多次输血、劳动强度大、技术复杂和易感染等困难。与成人心脏或肾脏支持系统的发展进展相比，用于急性或慢性肺呼吸衰竭的体外、旁体外和体内机械系统的发展远远落后。这主要是由于缺乏相关技术。随着新技术的出现，特别是低阻力氧合器的发明，进入21世纪后，人工肺的发展进入了新阶段。在本报告中，将对人工肺的现状进行综述。
