Ecke T H
HELIOS Hospital, Department of Urology, Bad Saarow, Germany.
Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2008 Dec;60(4):237-46.
Finding and development of new bladder cancer markers is still a very dynamic field. Because of the mass of all these markers it is impossible to report all of them. This paper reviews the role of bladder cancer markers in diagnosis and highlights the most important biomarkers studied and reported recently. A medline based literature search was performed to examine the field of bladder cancer markers. Major topics focus on selected bladder cancer markers from nearly all categories of the wide field of bladder cancer markers: Hematuria, FISH, FGFR3, SURVIVIN, u-PAR, TP53 mutation, HER-2/neu, TPA, NMP22, CK-19, CK-20, CYFRA 21-1. The use and clinical importance as diagnostic help are discussed. In this review a highlight to some of the most important markers was made. Further determination of recurrence and progression marker will contribute to establish better treatments for the individual patient. Molecular staging of urological tumors will allow selecting cases that will require systemic treatment. It is necessary and important to integrate under the same objectives basic and clinical research.
新型膀胱癌标志物的发现与研发仍是一个充满活力的领域。由于这类标志物数量众多，无法逐一详述。本文回顾了膀胱癌标志物在诊断中的作用，并着重介绍了近期研究和报道的最重要的生物标志物。通过基于医学在线数据库（Medline）的文献检索来审视膀胱癌标志物领域。主要主题聚焦于从膀胱癌标志物广泛领域的几乎所有类别中挑选出的特定膀胱癌标志物：血尿、荧光原位杂交（FISH）、成纤维细胞生长因子受体3（FGFR3）、生存素（SURVIVIN）、尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体（u-PAR）、TP53突变、人表皮生长因子受体2/神经（HER-2/neu）、组织多肽抗原（TPA）、核基质蛋白22（NMP22）、细胞角蛋白19（CK-19）、细胞角蛋白20（CK-20）、细胞角蛋白片段21-1（CYFRA 21-1）。文中讨论了这些标志物作为诊断辅助手段的用途及临床重要性。本综述对一些最重要的标志物进行了重点阐述。进一步确定复发和进展标志物将有助于为个体患者制定更好的治疗方案。泌尿系统肿瘤的分子分期将有助于筛选出需要进行全身治疗的病例。基于相同目标整合基础研究和临床研究是必要且重要的。
