Kayani Anna C, Morton James P, McArdle Anne
School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L693GA, UK.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2008 Oct;33(5):1033-41. doi: 10.1139/H08-089.
Mammalian adult skeletal muscle adapts to the stress of contractile activity with increased gene expression by yielding a family of highly conserved cytoprotective proteins known as heat shock proteins (HSPs). Although the exercise-induced stress response of both animal and human skeletal muscle is now well documented, the precise mechanisms underlying this adaptation remain unclear. The induction of HSPs after exercise is severely blunted in the muscle of older individuals. This review focuses on the effects of different forms of exercise and training on the induction of HSPs in the muscles of adult individuals, and examines the proposed mechanisms underlying this adaptation. Furthermore, the functional effect of the inability of the muscles of older individuals to adapt in this way is discussed, together with the proposed mechanisms underlying this maladaptation.
哺乳动物的成年骨骼肌通过产生一类被称为热休克蛋白（HSPs）的高度保守的细胞保护蛋白，以增加基因表达来适应收缩活动的压力。尽管现在动物和人类骨骼肌运动诱导的应激反应已有充分记录，但这种适应背后的确切机制仍不清楚。在老年人的肌肉中，运动后热休克蛋白的诱导作用严重减弱。本综述重点关注不同形式的运动和训练对成年个体肌肉中热休克蛋白诱导的影响，并探讨这种适应背后的潜在机制。此外，还讨论了老年人肌肉无法以这种方式适应的功能影响，以及这种适应不良背后的潜在机制。
