Kregel Kevin C
Integrative Physiology Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, The University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002 May;92(5):2177-86. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01267.2001.
Cells from virtually all organisms respond to a variety of stresses by the rapid synthesis of a highly conserved set of polypeptides termed heat shock proteins (HSPs). The precise functions of HSPs are unknown, but there is considerable evidence that these stress proteins are essential for survival at both normal and elevated temperatures. HSPs also appear to play a critical role in the development of thermotolerance and protection from cellular damage associated with stresses such as ischemia, cytokines, and energy depletion. These observations suggest that HSPs play an important role in both normal cellular homeostasis and the stress response. This mini-review examines recent evidence and hypotheses suggesting that the HSPs may be important modifying factors in cellular responses to a variety of physiologically relevant conditions such as hyperthermia, exercise, oxidative stress, metabolic challenge, and aging.
几乎所有生物体的细胞都会通过快速合成一组高度保守的多肽（即热休克蛋白，HSPs）来应对各种应激。HSPs的确切功能尚不清楚，但有大量证据表明，这些应激蛋白对于在正常温度和升高温度下的生存至关重要。HSPs似乎在热耐受性的发展以及对与缺血、细胞因子和能量耗竭等应激相关的细胞损伤的保护中也起着关键作用。这些观察结果表明，HSPs在正常细胞内稳态和应激反应中均发挥重要作用。本综述探讨了近期的证据和假说，这些证据和假说表明，HSPs可能是细胞对多种生理相关状况（如热疗、运动、氧化应激、代谢挑战和衰老）作出反应的重要调节因子。
