Wiznitzer M, Masaryk T J
Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
Ann Neurol. 1991 Jun;29(6):585-9. doi: 10.1002/ana.410290603.
Three-dimensional (volume) magnetic resonance angiography is a noninvasive technique that images the intracranial and cervical arterial vasculature without contrast agents. Twenty-four children with strokes had combined parenchymal magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography 1 day to 4 years after acute presentation. Eight had had prior intra-arterial angiography. Eighteen magnetic resonance angiographic studies showed arterial stenosis or occlusion in the vascular distribution of magnetic resonance image-defined brain infarction and, in 7 children, in the same location as previously defined abnormalities on intra-arterial angiography. One child had a normal intra-arterial angiogram and magnetic resonance angiogram. The other 5 children with normal magnetic resonance angiographic studies included 3 with presumed embolic disease, 1 with meningitis, and 1 with Crohn's disease-related vasculitis. Collateral flow patterns could be determined in 4 children. Artifact presenting as filling defects in vessels was present in 10 studies, but did not interfere with interpretation of 8 studies. Combined magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography provides a screening technique to evaluate noninvasively brain parenchyma and vasculature in children with suspected large-vessel abnormalities, allowing selection for intra-arterial angiography and serial monitoring of vascular abnormalities over time and during therapeutic intervention.
三维（容积）磁共振血管造影是一种无需使用造影剂即可对颅内和颈部动脉血管系统进行成像的非侵入性技术。24名中风患儿在急性发病后1天至4年接受了实质磁共振成像和磁共振血管造影联合检查。其中8名患儿曾接受过动脉内血管造影。18项磁共振血管造影研究显示，在磁共振图像定义的脑梗死血管分布区域存在动脉狭窄或闭塞，7名患儿的动脉狭窄或闭塞位置与先前动脉内血管造影确定的异常位置相同。1名患儿的动脉内血管造影和磁共振血管造影结果均正常。另外5名磁共振血管造影研究结果正常的患儿中，3名推测患有栓塞性疾病，1名患有脑膜炎，1名患有克罗恩病相关血管炎。4名患儿可确定侧支血流模式。10项研究中出现了表现为血管内充盈缺损的伪影，但未干扰其中8项研究的解读。磁共振成像/磁共振血管造影联合检查提供了一种筛查技术，可对疑似大血管异常的患儿的脑实质和血管系统进行无创评估，有助于选择动脉内血管造影，并对血管异常进行长期及治疗干预期间的连续监测。
