Passos Pedro, Araújo Duarte, Davids Keith, Gouveia Luis, Milho João, Serpa Sidónio
Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal.
J Sports Sci. 2008 Nov;26(13):1421-9. doi: 10.1080/02640410802208986.
Previous work on dynamics of interpersonal interactions in 1 vs. 1 sub-phases of basketball has identified changes in interpersonal distance between an attacker and defender as a potential control parameter for influencing organizational states of attacker-defender dyads. Other studies have reported the constraining effect of relative velocity between an attacker and defender in 1 vs. 1 dyads. To evaluate the relationship between these candidate control parameters, we compared the impact of both interpersonal distance and relative velocity on the pattern-forming dynamics of attacker-defender dyads in the sport of rugby union. Results revealed that when interpersonal distance achieved a critical value of less than 4 m, and relative velocity values increased or were maintained above 1 m x s(-1), a successful outcome (i.e. clean attempt) for an attacker was predicted. Alternatively, when values of relative velocity suddenly decreased below this threshold, at the same critical value of interpersonal distance, a successful outcome for the defender was predicted. Data demonstrated how the coupling of these two potential, nested control parameters moved the dyadic system to phase transitions, characterized as a try or a tackle. Observations suggested that relative velocity increased its influence on the organization of attacker-defender dyads in rugby union over time as spatial proximity to the try line increased.
先前关于篮球一对一子阶段人际互动动态的研究已经确定，攻击者与防守者之间人际距离的变化是影响攻防二元组组织状态的一个潜在控制参数。其他研究报告了一对一二元组中攻击者与防守者之间相对速度的约束作用。为了评估这些候选控制参数之间的关系，我们比较了人际距离和相对速度对英式橄榄球运动中攻防二元组模式形成动态的影响。结果显示，当人际距离达到小于4米的临界值，且相对速度值增加或保持在1米×秒⁻¹以上时，预测攻击者会有成功的结果（即成功尝试）。相反，当相对速度值突然降至该阈值以下，且人际距离处于相同临界值时，预测防守者会有成功的结果。数据表明，这两个潜在的、嵌套的控制参数的耦合如何将二元系统推向相变，表现为一次达阵或一次擒抱。观察结果表明，随着与达阵线的空间接近度增加，相对速度对英式橄榄球中攻防二元组组织的影响会随时间增加。
