Abou-Zeid A M, Altalhi A D, Abd El-Fattah R I
Biology department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia. P.B.
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol. 2007 Jul-Dec;66(3-4):90-6.
Twenty two plants were collected from Taif Governorate and identified as: Euphorbia glomerifera, Juniperus procera, Launaea mucronata, Capparis dcidua, Punica granatum, Opuntia ficus, Prunus persica, Eucalyptus globulus, Medicago sativa, Artemisia monosperma, Trichodesma calathiforme, Artemisia judaica, Foeniculum vulgare, Phagnalon sinaicum, Rumex dentatus, Asphodelus aestives, Pulicaria crispa, Launae sonchoides, Forsskaolea tenacissima, Arnebia hispidissima, Avena spp and Aerva lanata. Pathogenic fungi were isolated from some of these plants and identified as Alternaria alternate, Ulocladium botrytis, Cladosporium spp, Cephalosporium spp, Penicillium chrysogenum, Fusarium oxysporum and Humicola grisea. Four antagonistic isolates were tested, 2 from Gliocladium fungus and 2 from Trichoderma fungus. We found that all the four antagonistic isolates (G. deliquescens, G. virens, T. viride and T. hamatum) significantly inhibited the radial growth of the pathogenic fungi tested, with different ratios. The results indicated that the antibiotics produced by the antagonists were more effective than the fungus itself and differ with different fungi. Coating plant stems with antagonists or with antagonist extracts reduce the severity of the disease but not prevent it in all tested pathogens.
从塔伊夫省采集了22种植物，分别鉴定为：聚生大戟、刺柏、具刺栓果菊、酸豆、石榴、仙人掌、桃、蓝桉、紫花苜蓿、单籽蒿、瓶花刺、犹太蒿、茴香、西奈绢蒿、齿果酸模、夏水仙、皱叶香青、少花栓果菊、硬叶木犀草、糙叶牛舌草、燕麦属植物和蓝花耳草。从其中一些植物中分离出致病真菌，并鉴定为链格孢、葡萄状枝孢、枝孢属、头孢属、产黄青霉、尖孢镰刀菌和灰腐质霉。测试了4株拮抗分离株，2株来自粘帚霉属真菌，2株来自木霉属真菌。我们发现，所有4株拮抗分离株（消解粘帚霉、绿色粘帚霉、绿色木霉和哈茨木霉）均以不同比例显著抑制了所测试致病真菌的径向生长。结果表明，拮抗剂产生的抗生素比真菌本身更有效，且因不同真菌而异。用拮抗剂或拮抗剂提取物包被植物茎干可降低病害严重程度，但不能在所有测试病原体中预防病害。
