Effects of endoxan on oxidative processes in model systems in vitro.

Endoxan (cyclophosphamide) is a cyclic propylene phosphamide ester of nitrogen mustard. Endoxan--main advantage of chemotherapy is complete penetration of the tissues, reaching the most widely spread malignant cells. It is one of the most useful cytotoxics available today. Endoxan is a "transport form" and as such it has a selective tumour affinity. Endoxan is used for active treatment of all neoplastic diseases of the reticulo-endothelial system, e.g. lymphomas, lymphosarcomas, reticular-sarcomas, Hodgkin's disease, chronic lymphatic leukaemias, multiple myelomas. In our experiments Endoxan is equivalent with mean therapeutic the concentration used in chemotherapy in tumours, we suppose that at these levels Endoxan interact with renal cells and probably induce or inhibits new generation of superoxide free forms in the same tissue. Endoxan was tested at renal supernatant and free enzyme model systems, for superoxide-scavenging and antioxidante activity. The ability of Endoxan to interact with the superoxide radical, to influence their generation and probably to change the levels of lipid peroxidation in model systems were investigated. The ability of Endoxane to affect Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in a renal supernatant was studied. The results show that Endoxan in a concentration range of 10(-4); 10(-5) M has small but significant effect. The values for the control samples without Endoxan, are compared. We found a dose-dependent superoxide-scavenging effect of the drug in xanthite/xanthine oxidase system for generation of superoxide. According to obtained results lndoxan could be used in insertion in a liposomes and this could impact lndoxan tissue penetration.