Harvey R B, Kubena L F, Elissalde M H, Corrier D E, Huff W E, Rottinghaus G E, Clement B A
Food Animal Protection Research Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, College Station, TX 77840.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 1991 Apr;3(2):155-60. doi: 10.1177/104063879100300210.
The effects of dietary aflatoxin (AF) and diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), singly and in combination, were evaluated in growing crossbred barrows. The experimental design consisted of 4 treatments of 9 barrows each fed diets containing 1) 0 mg AF and 0 mg DAS/kg feed (control), 2) 2.5 mg AF/kg feed, 3) 2.0 mg DAS/kg feed, or 4) 2.5 mg AF + 2.0 mg DAS/kg feed for 28 days (10-14 weeks of age). Production performance, serum biochemical, hematologic, and pathologic measurements were made. Body weight and body weight gain were significantly decreased by each toxin but more so by the combination treatment. The effects were additive in nature. Liver and spleen weights, as percentages of body weight, were increased by the AF and AF + DAS treatments, and AF or AF + DAS treatments induced diffuse hepatocellular vacuolar change, early portal fibrosis, and early bile duct hyperplasia. Aflatoxin increased serum values of creatinine and gamma glutamyl transferase, cholinesterase, and alkaline phosphatase activities; increased packed cell volume and hemoglobin; and decreased urea nitrogen and total iron binding capacity. DAS reduced serum iron binding capacity. The AF + DAS treatment increased serum gamma glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, increased hemoglobin, and decreased serum iron binding capacity. Generally, the combination treatment could be described as additive or less than additive, with most of the effects attributable to AF. Under the conditions and parameters monitored in this study, AF and DAS had no synergistic toxic effects when incorporated into diets of growing barrows.
在生长中的杂交公猪中评估了日粮中黄曲霉毒素（AF）和二醋酸镳草镰刀菌烯醇（DAS）单独及联合作用的影响。实验设计包括4种处理，每种处理9头公猪，分别饲喂含有以下成分的日粮：1）每千克饲料含0毫克AF和0毫克DAS（对照）；2）每千克饲料含2.5毫克AF；3）每千克饲料含2.0毫克DAS；或4）每千克饲料含2.5毫克AF + 2.0毫克DAS，持续28天（10 - 14周龄）。进行了生产性能、血清生化、血液学和病理学测量。每种毒素均显著降低了体重和体重增加，但联合处理的影响更大。这些影响本质上是相加的。AF和AF + DAS处理使肝脏和脾脏重量占体重的百分比增加，并且AF或AF + DAS处理诱导了弥漫性肝细胞空泡化改变、早期门静脉纤维化和早期胆管增生。黄曲霉毒素增加了肌酐、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、胆碱酯酶和碱性磷酸酶活性的血清值；增加了红细胞压积和血红蛋白；并降低了尿素氮和总铁结合能力。DAS降低了血清铁结合能力。AF + DAS处理增加了血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶和碱性磷酸酶活性，增加了血红蛋白，并降低了血清铁结合能力。一般来说，联合处理可描述为相加或小于相加，大多数影响归因于AF。在本研究监测的条件和参数下，AF和DAS添加到生长公猪日粮中时没有协同毒性作用。
