Swedell Larissa, Hailemeskel Getenet, Schreier Amy
Queens College - CUNY, Flushing, NY 11367-1597, USA.
Folia Primatol (Basel). 2008;79(6):476-90. doi: 10.1159/000164431. Epub 2008 Oct 17.
Here we report the first year-round quantitative data on dietary composition and seasonality in wild hamadryas baboons. Study subjects were adult male members of band 3 at the Filoha field site in central lowland Ethiopia. Data collection consisted of 10-min focal samples during all-day follows 4-6 days per month over the course of 1 year. The two largest contributors to the diet were Hyphaene thebaica and Acacia senegal, and these were the only plant species found in the diet during every month of the year. Other relatively major contributors to the diet, such as Cyperus grandibulbosus, Seddera bagshawei, Tribulus cistoides and Typhalatifolia, showed a seasonal pattern. Fewer plant species were consumed during the dry months of the year compared to the wet months. During the hottest and driest months of the year, study subjects subsisted almost exclusively on H. thebaica, A. senegal, C. grandibulbosus and T.latifolia. Overall, these patterns suggest that this population of hamadryas baboons spends less time feeding and is able to subsist on a narrower array of plant foods compared to other baboons. This pattern may be driven by the presence at Filoha of the doum palm (H. thebaica), a high-quality food resource that is consumed year-round.
在此，我们报告野生阿拉伯狒狒饮食组成和季节性的首份全年定量数据。研究对象是埃塞俄比亚中部低地菲洛哈野外研究点3群的成年雄性成员。数据收集包括在1年时间里，每月4 - 6天进行全天跟踪时，采集10分钟的焦点样本。饮食中贡献最大的两种植物是埃及海枣和塞内加尔金合欢，它们是全年每个月饮食中都能找到的仅有的植物物种。其他相对主要的饮食贡献者，如大球莎草、巴格氏茜草、刺蒺藜和宽叶香蒲，呈现出季节性模式。与湿润月份相比，一年中干燥月份食用的植物种类较少。在一年中最热和最干燥的月份，研究对象几乎完全依靠埃及海枣、塞内加尔金合欢、大球莎草和宽叶香蒲生存。总体而言，这些模式表明，与其他狒狒相比，这群阿拉伯狒狒花费在觅食上的时间更少，并且能够依靠种类更有限的植物性食物生存。这种模式可能是由菲洛哈存在埃及海枣（一种全年都被食用的优质食物资源）所驱动的。
