Grosche Bernd
Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2008;132(2):198-201. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncn257. Epub 2008 Oct 20.
A German case-control study on leukaemia in children below 5 y of age near nuclear installations showed a trend of increasing risk with decreasing distance of place of residence from the sites. The radiation exposure from the sites is considered as being too low by a factor of at least 1000 to explain the observed effect, but little is known about radiation effects from pre- or postnatal exposures on the leukaemia risk for ages up to 4 y. Within the study, it was shown that the observed trend in risk decreases over time. That could be indicative of some agent being involved for which the prevalence is reduced over time. Previous ecological studies showed increased risks among the youngest age groups in the closest vicinity of the sites, but no elevated risks for children of all ages (0-14). This could implicate a shift towards an earlier onset of the disease.
一项针对核设施附近5岁以下儿童白血病的德国病例对照研究表明，白血病风险有随着居住地与核设施距离缩短而增加的趋势。核设施的辐射暴露量被认为至少低了1000倍，无法解释所观察到的效应，但对于产前或产后暴露于辐射对4岁以下儿童白血病风险的影响，人们知之甚少。在该研究中，研究表明所观察到的风险趋势会随时间下降。这可能表明有某种因素参与其中，而该因素的流行率会随时间降低。此前的生态学研究表明，在离核设施最近区域内的最年幼年龄组中风险增加，但并非所有年龄段（0 - 14岁）儿童的风险都升高。这可能意味着疾病发病有提前的趋势。
