Recurrent diverticulitis.

The term "diverticulitis" indicates the inflammation of a diverticulum or diverticula, which is accompanied by detectable or microscopical perforation. Diverticulitis is a common condition with an estimated incidence of 25%. At present, elective sigmoid resection is recommended after 2 episodes of uncomplicated diverticulitis to prevent the serious complications of recurrent colonic diverticulitis. This guideline has been based on the assumption that recurrent episodes (2 or more) of diverticulitis will lead to complicated diverticulitis and higher mortality. The data to support this assumption are based on only a few small studies. Advances in diagnostic modalities, medical therapy, and surgical techniques over the past 2 decades have changed both the management and outcomes of diverticulitis. Many authors have shown that patients treated nonoperatively have a low risk of recurrent disease and would be expected to do well without elective colectomy.