Phytopathology. 2001 Sep;91(9):839-46. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.2001.91.9.839.
ABSTRACT Two enzyme systems, cellulase (beta-1,4-glucanase) and laminarinase (beta-1,3-glucanase), were added to soil extracts to simulate (in vitro) lytic components found in mulches suppressive to Phytophthora cinnamomi. Concentration ranges of each enzyme were incubated with Phytophthora cinnamomi mycelium, zoospores, zoospores cysts, and zoospore-infected excised roots to evaluate the roles of each enzyme in potential control of avocado root rot disease. Cellulase significantly retarded the development of zoosporangia and chlamydospores when mycelia were incubated in soil extract containing the enzyme at concentrations greater than 10 units/ml. Zoospore production was also reduced by cellulase but not by laminarinase. Laminarinase had little effect on zoosporangia or chlamydospore formation. At high concentrations, laminarinase was consistently more effective at preventing encystment than cellulase. Chlamydospores preformed in root tips were immune to the lytic effects of all treatments except cellulase at 100 units/ml. Zoospores placed in enzyme solutions and plated on a selective medium survived high cellulase concentrations and formed colonies, but there were fewer surviving zoospores when laminarinase was present at greater than 10 units/ml. Low concentrations of cellulase stimulated infection of excised roots, however, low concentrations of laminarinase prevented infection. Cellulase and laminarinase have different effects on the structures of the Phytophthora cinnamomi life history, however, each enzyme may have a role in reduction of inoculum.
向土壤提取物中添加了两种酶系统，纤维素酶（β-1,4-葡聚糖酶）和几丁质酶（β-1,3-葡聚糖酶），以模拟抑制胶孢炭疽菌的覆盖物中存在的溶菌成分（体外）。每种酶的浓度范围都与胶孢炭疽菌菌丝体、游动孢子、游动孢子囊、游动孢子感染的离体根一起孵育，以评估每种酶在潜在控制鳄梨根腐病中的作用。当在含有酶的土壤提取物中孵育菌丝体时，纤维素酶在浓度大于 10 个单位/ml 时显著延迟游动孢子囊和厚垣孢子的发育。纤维素酶还减少了游动孢子的产生，但几丁质酶没有。几丁质酶对游动孢子囊或厚垣孢子的形成几乎没有影响。在高浓度下，几丁质酶在防止囊泡形成方面始终比纤维素酶更有效。在根尖端预先形成的厚垣孢子对所有处理（除了 100 个单位/ml 的纤维素酶）的溶菌作用都具有免疫力。置于酶溶液中的游动孢子并在选择性培养基上平板化后，在高纤维素酶浓度下存活下来并形成菌落，但当几丁质酶浓度大于 10 个单位/ml 时，存活的游动孢子较少。低浓度的纤维素酶刺激离体根的感染，然而，低浓度的几丁质酶可防止感染。纤维素酶和几丁质酶对胶孢炭疽菌生活史的结构有不同的影响，但每种酶都可能在减少接种体方面发挥作用。
