Phytopathology. 2002 Nov;92(11):1189-95. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.2002.92.11.1189.
ABSTRACT Phytophthora infestans causes a destructive disease on tomato and potato. In North Carolina (NC) potatoes are mostly grown in the east, whereas tomatoes are grown in the mountainous areas in the western part of the state. Five genotypes of P. infestans were identified from 93 and 157 isolates collected from tomato and potato over a 5 year period between 1993 and 1998. All isolates collected from potato in eastern NC were the US-8 genotype, whereas only a single isolate was the US-1 genotype. Tuber blight was found on immature daughter tubers in a single field in 1997, however infection on mature tubers was not observed. Within potato fields, a range of sensitivity to metalaxyl was observed among isolates but all were either intermediate or highly resistant to the fungicide. In contrast, isolates from tomatoes included previously reported US-7 and US-8 genotypes and two new genotypes called US-18 and US-19 (A2 mating type, allozyme genotype Gpi 100/100 and Pep 92/100). These genotypes had unique restriction fragment length polymorphism banding patterns, were sensitive to metalaxyl, and have not been reported elsewhere. All genotypes, with the exception of the US-1, were the Ia mitochondrial haplotype. Thus, isolates of P. infestans from tomato were more genetically diverse over time in NC than those from potato and include two new genotypes that are sensitive to metalaxyl.
摘要 晚疫病菌会对番茄和土豆造成毁灭性的影响。在北卡罗来纳州（NC），土豆主要在东部种植，而番茄则在该州西部的山区种植。1993 年至 1998 年的 5 年间，从番茄和土豆中采集了 93 个和 157 个分离株，从中鉴定出了 5 种晚疫病菌基因型。从 NC 东部采集的所有土豆分离株均为 US-8 基因型，而只有一个分离株为 US-1 基因型。1997 年，在一个单一的田块中发现了不成熟的子块茎的块茎疫病，但未观察到成熟块茎的感染。在土豆田中，观察到分离株对金属内吸灵的敏感性范围不同，但所有分离株对杀菌剂均为中度或高度抗性。相比之下，从番茄中分离出的分离株包括先前报道的 US-7 和 US-8 基因型以及两种新的基因型，称为 US-18 和 US-19（A2 交配型，同工酶基因型 Gpi 100/100 和 Pep 92/100）。这些基因型具有独特的限制片段长度多态性带型，对金属内吸灵敏感，且未在其他地方报道过。除 US-1 外，所有基因型均为 Ia 线粒体单倍型。因此，在 NC 地区，番茄上的晚疫病菌分离株在时间上比土豆上的分离株更具遗传多样性，且包括两种对金属内吸灵敏感的新基因型。
