生物土壤抑生性对抗豌豆孢囊线虫的转移。

Transfer of Biological Soil Suppressiveness Against Heterodera schachtii.

出版信息

Phytopathology. 2000 Apr;90(4):401-6. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.2000.90.4.401.

DOI:10.1094/PHYTO.2000.90.4.401

Abstract

ABSTRACT Heterodera schachtii-suppressive soil at a rate of either 1 or 10% (dry wt/wt) transferred suppressiveness against the beet cyst nematode to fumigated field plots when mixed into the upper 10-cm soil layer. Soil suppressiveness was established after 1 month of moist fallow and 77 days of Swiss chard cropping in the 10% transfer treatment and after 230 days in the 1% transfer treatment. The number of infective second-stage juveniles (J2) of H. schachtii, monitored initially at 150 degree-day intervals and later at 300 degree-day intervals, indicated the status of suppressiveness in the different treatments during the cropping period. In a greenhouse experiment, amending fumigated field soil with 0.1, 1.0, or 10% suppressive soil, suppressed multiplication of H. schachtii when soils were infested with an additional 5,000 J2. In a second greenhouse experiment, a fumigated sandy loam amended with 10 or 25% suppressive soil and a fumigated loam amended with 25% suppressive soil had significantly fewer eggs per cyst than the nonamended fumigated treatments when 1,000 J2 were added.

摘要

摘要将抑制麦长管蚜的土壤以 1%或 10%（干重/干重）的比例混入到 10cm 土层中，可以将其对甜菜孢囊线虫的抑制作用转移到熏蒸过的田间。在 10%的转移处理中，经过 1 个月的湿休耕和 77 天的瑞士甜菜种植后，土壤抑制性得以建立，而在 1%的转移处理中则需要 230 天。最初以 150 个度日间隔，然后以 300 个度日间隔监测感染性第二阶段幼虫（J2）的数量，表明了不同处理在种植期间的抑制状态。在温室实验中，用 0.1%、1.0%或 10%的抑制性土壤改良熏蒸过的田间土壤，当土壤中再侵染 5000 个 J2 时，可以抑制麦长管蚜的繁殖。在第二个温室实验中，用 10%或 25%的抑制性土壤改良熏蒸过的砂壤土和用 25%的抑制性土壤改良熏蒸过的壤土，当添加 1000 个 J2 时，与未改良的熏蒸处理相比，每个孢囊中的卵数明显减少。