Phytopathology. 1999 May;89(5):398-406. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.5.398.
ABSTRACT I tested the hypothesis that exclusion of enchytraeids and microarthropods in agricultural fields improves establishment of two nematophagous fungi. Soil was collected from three tomato fields and two vineyards and either heat-treated (2 h at 60 degrees C) or not. Alginate pellets containing hyphae of the fungi Hirsutella rhossiliensis or Monacrosporium gephyropagum were added to the soil, which was packed into cages (PVC pipe, 80-cm(3) volume) sealed with fine (20 mum) or coarse (480 mum) mesh. Cages were buried 22 cm deep in the same fields from which the soil had been collected. After 7 to 50 days, the cages were recovered and fungi and fauna quantified. Fine mesh largely excluded enchytraeids, collembolans, and mites but rarely affected fungus numbers. In contrast, heat treatment of soil rarely affected enchytraeids, collembolans, or mites but frequently increased fungus numbers, regardless of mesh size. The data are inconsistent with the initial hypothesis but are consistent with the idea that organisms narrower than 20 mum interfere with fungal growth from the pellets.
摘要 本研究检验了一个假设，即在农业田中排除食线虫真菌和小型土壤动物可促进两种线虫捕食性真菌的定殖。从三个番茄田和两个葡萄园采集土壤，分别进行热处理（60°C 下 2 小时）或不处理。将含有真菌哈茨木霉或长形单孢霉菌丝的海藻酸钠颗粒添加到土壤中，然后将土壤装入用细网（20 微米）或粗网（480 微米）密封的笼中（聚氯乙烯管，80 立方厘米体积）。将笼子埋在与采集土壤相同的田地中，深度为 22 厘米。7 至 50 天后，取回笼子并对真菌和动物进行定量分析。细网极大地排除了食线虫真菌、弹尾目和螨虫，但很少影响真菌数量。相比之下，土壤的热处理很少影响食线虫真菌、弹尾目或螨虫，但无论网眼大小如何，都经常增加真菌数量。这些数据与最初的假设不一致，但与以下观点一致，即小于 20 微米的生物会干扰来自颗粒的真菌生长。
