Phytopathology. 1998 Mar;88(3):245-51. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.3.245.
ABSTRACT Changes in monoterpene and phenolic compounds resulting from water stress and colonization by Sphaeropsis sapinea were examined for 9- and 11-year-old red pine trees in a plantation and 3-year-old seedlings in a growth chamber. Four treatments were assigned at random to individual trees in the field: no treatment, herbicide to kill surrounding weeds, supplemental water, and both herbicide and supplemental water. In the growth chamber, seedlings were either not watered (water stressed) or watered daily (nonstressed). Shoots were inoculated with agar plugs colonized with either S. sapinea isolates of morphotype A and B (field) or only isolates of morphotype A (growth chamber). Nine monoterpenes were detected in tissue extracts; the most common were alpha-pinene (59 to 74% of the total), beta-pinene (13 to 33% of the total), and delta-3-carene (1 to 5% of the total). Shoots inoculated with isolates of morphotype A had more severe symptoms and produced higher concentrations of monoterpenes in both experiments compared with the controls. In the growth chamber, inoculations with isolates of morphotype A caused higher concentrations of phenolics compared with the controls. In the field experiment, monoterpenes increased in quantity only in shoots of stressed trees inoculated with isolates of morphotype A. Isolates of morphotype B caused few symptoms and did not alter monoterpene concentrations. Increases in monoterpenes do not appear to be involved in the response to infection by morphotype A in nonstressed trees, and the role of phenolics is unclear. However, these results are consistent with previous observations that monoterpenes may be involved in the differences in aggressiveness between morphotypes on red pine.
摘要 为研究水胁迫和柱孢腔菌（Sphaeropsis sapinea）定殖对单萜和酚类化合物的影响，在人工林选择 9 年和 11 年生的湿地松和生长室中的 3 年生幼苗进行试验。田间试验中，随机将每株树分为 4 个处理：不做处理、用除草剂杀死周围杂草、补充水分、除草剂和补充水分同时进行。在生长室中，不浇水（胁迫处理）或每天浇水（非胁迫处理）。用琼脂塞接种接种木片中接种了 A 和 B 两种形态型的柱孢腔菌（田间试验）或仅接种形态型 A 的柱孢腔菌（生长室试验）。在组织提取物中检测到 9 种单萜，最常见的是α-蒎烯（占总量的 59%至 74%）、β-蒎烯（占总量的 13%至 33%）和δ-3-蒈烯（占总量的 1%至 5%）。与对照相比，A 形态型的分离物接种的枝条症状更严重，产生的单萜浓度更高。在生长室中，与对照相比，A 形态型的分离物接种引起的酚类浓度更高。在田间试验中，只有在胁迫且接种 A 形态型分离物的树木枝条中单萜的含量才会增加。B 形态型的分离物引起的症状很少，并且不会改变单萜的浓度。单萜的增加似乎与非胁迫树木中 A 形态型感染的反应无关，酚类的作用也不清楚。然而，这些结果与先前的观察结果一致，即单萜可能与不同形态型在湿地松上的侵袭力差异有关。
