Phytopathology. 1998 Feb;88(2):148-55. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.2.148.
ABSTRACT (14)C-labeled chlamydospores of Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli were exposed to soil at 5, 15, 25, or 30 degrees C at pH 5 or 8 and water potential of -1 kPa or to soil at 0, -1, or -10 kPa at 25 degrees C at pH 6.9. Total carbon loss was greatest at 25 or 30 degrees C at pH 8 and -1 kPa. (14)CO(2) from respiration of chlamydospores and from soil microbes utilizing chlamydospore exudates accounted for the largest share of total carbon loss under all conditions. (14)(CO)(2) from soil microbial metabolism of (14)CO(2) exudates of chlamydospores was greatest in soil at 15, 25, and 30 degrees C, pH 8, and at either -1 or -10 kPa. Chlamydospore germinability in the absence of a C source (nutrient independence), viability in potato-dextrose broth, and virulence to kidney bean declined rapidly after exposure to soil at high temperatures (25 and 30 degrees C), pH 8, and the higher matric potentials (0 to-1 kPa). By contrast, germinability remained high (>50%), as did virulence, in soil at 5 degrees C and -10 kPa even after 70 days of incubation. Carbon loss was inversely correlated with germinability, viability, and virulence after exposure to soil at different pH levels, temperatures, and matric potentials.
将 14C 标记的茄丝核菌溃疡病菌厚垣孢子暴露于 pH5 或 8、水势-1kPa 的土壤中，或暴露于 pH6.9、25°C、水势为 0、-1 或-10kPa 的土壤中，以研究厚垣孢子的总碳损失。在 pH8 和-1kPa 时，25°C 或 30°C 下厚垣孢子的总碳损失最大。厚垣孢子呼吸产生的 14CO2 和土壤微生物利用厚垣孢子分泌物产生的 14CO2 是所有条件下总碳损失的最大来源。在 15、25 和 30°C、pH8 和-1 或-10kPa 的土壤中，土壤微生物对厚垣孢子分泌物中 14CO2 的代谢产生的 14（CO）2 最多。在高温（25°C 和 30°C）、高 pH 值（8）和较高基质势（0 至-1kPa）的土壤中，厚垣孢子在没有碳源（营养独立性）的情况下的萌发能力、在土豆葡萄糖肉汤中的存活能力和对菜豆的毒力迅速下降。相比之下，即使在 70 天的孵育后，在 5°C 和-10kPa 的土壤中，厚垣孢子的萌发能力仍保持在较高水平（>50%），其毒力也没有下降。在不同 pH 值、温度和基质势的土壤中暴露后，厚垣孢子的碳损失与萌发能力、存活能力和毒力呈负相关。
