Phytopathology. 1999 Jan;89(1):47-52. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.1.47.
ABSTRACT The severity of bean root rot caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli in vitro was studied with regard to exchangeable soil aluminum for 25 soil samples collected from northeastern Honshyu island, Japan. Of these, 24 were Andosols, typically acidic and of volcanic ash origin. Disease severity was assessed based on the number of lesions produced by the pathogen on a 6-cm section of bean stem buried and incubated for 8 days at 25 degrees C in artificially infested soil samples. The number of lesions differed considerably among soil samples. In all soils in which disease incidence was very low, macroconidial germination was strongly inhibited. The inhibition was observed in all soil samples with exchangeable aluminum contents of at least 0.4 meq/100 g of soil, although it is unclear if this concentration is the lowest limit for inhibition. When soil pH was 5.6 or lower, higher amounts of exchangeable aluminum were detected from soils in which the major clay mineralogy was chloritized 2:1 minerals, while no or limited amounts of aluminum were detected from soils in which the major clay mineralogy was allophane/imogolite. Macroconidial germination and disease incidence are thus closely related to clay mineralogy, which regulates the behavior of exchangeable aluminum.
摘要 本研究采用室内分析方法，针对日本本州岛东北部地区采集的 25 份土壤样本，研究了尖孢镰刀菌茄腐专化型（ Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli ）引起的菜豆根腐病的严重程度与土壤交换性铝之间的关系。其中 24 份土壤样本为典型的酸性火山灰成因的安山土。将病原菌接种到人工接种土壤样本中，在 25℃下掩埋并培养 8 天后，通过评估每 6cm 菜豆茎段上产生的病斑数量来评估病害严重程度。病斑数量在土壤样本间存在较大差异。在所有发病率非常低的土壤中，大分生孢子的萌发受到强烈抑制。尽管尚不清楚 0.4 meq/100g 土壤的交换性铝含量是否为最低抑制浓度，但在所有交换性铝含量至少为 0.4 meq/100g 土壤的样本中都观察到了抑制作用。当土壤 pH 值为 5.6 或更低时，从主要粘土矿物为绿脱石 2:1 矿物的土壤中检测到更多的交换性铝，而从主要粘土矿物为埃洛石/丝光沸石的土壤中则检测到很少或几乎没有的铝。因此，大分生孢子的萌发和病害的发生与调节交换性铝行为的粘土矿物密切相关。
